I-Perosity: Ukuqaqanjelwa kukubhengeza kwi-cavity eyenziwa xa irhasi echibini ichibini ayibaleki ngaphambi kokuqiniswa kwentsimbi kwaye ihleli kwi-sheld. Igesi yayo inokungeniswa yiphuli etyhidiweyo ngaphandle, okanye inokuthi iveliswe ngokusabela kwinkqubo ye-welding.
(1) The main reasons for air holes: there are rust, oil stain, etc. on the surface of base metal or filler metal, and the amount of air holes will increase if the welding rod and flux are not dried, because the rust, oil stain, and the moisture in the coating and flux of the welding rod decompose into gas at high temperature, increasing the content of gas in the high-temperature metal. Amandla omgca we-welding mncinci kakhulu, kwaye isantya esipholileyo sephuli enyikimayo inkulu, engahambelaniyo nokubaleka kwegesi. I-Douxididation engapheliyo yentsimbi ye-Wold iyakonyusa ioksijini yeoksijini.
(2) Harm of blowholes: blowholes reduce the effective sectional area of the weld and loosen the weld, thus reducing the strength and plasticity of the joint and causing leakage. I-Perosity ikwayinto ebangela uxinzelelo loxinzelelo. I-Hydrogen Phydrosity isenokuba negalelo ekuqhekekeni kubandayo.

Amanyathelo okuthintela:

a. Susa ibala le-oyile, i-rust, amanzi kunye nosundo kwi-wire ye-welding wire, i-Groove kunye nendawo yayo ekufuphi.
b. Alkaline welding rods and fluxes shall be used and thoroughly dried.
c. I-DC iyatshintsha kwaye i-arc ye-arc ifutshane iya kwamkelwa.
D.ORoat ngaphambi kokuba unciphise isantya sokupholisa.
E. I-Welbing iya kwenziwa kunye neenkcazo ezomeleleyo.

a. Reduce the content of harmful elements such as sulfur and phosphorus, and weld with materials with low carbon content.
b. Izinto ezithile ze-alloy zongezwa ukunciphisa i-crystals ye-colminar kunye nokwahlulahlula. Umzekelo, ialuminiya kunye nentsimbi zinokuphucula iingcwangu ze-GROIR.
c. The weld with shallow penetration shall be used to improve the heat dissipation condition so that the low melting point material floats on the weld surface and does not exist in the weld.
d. Ukucaciswa kwe-welding kuya kukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ukuhamba kwangoko nokuzala kuya kwamkelwa ukunciphisa izinga lokupholisa.
e. Ukwamkela ukulandelelana kwendibano efanelekileyo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwelding.

IMIQATHANGO YOKUKHUSELA IXESHA LOKUQALA:
a. Nika ingqalelo kwiSiphumo soQOQOPHISO sezinto zentsimbi kunye nefuthe lazo kwi-reheeat rocks.
b. Isenzo sokuthintela okanye ukusebenzisa itrate ukulawula inqanaba lokupholisa.
c. Reduce residual stress to avoid stress concentration.
d. During tempering, avoid the sensitive temperature zone of reheat cracks or shorten the residence time in this temperature zone.

Amanyathelo okuthintela ukugcuma okubandayo:
a. Low hydrogen type alkaline welding rod shall be used, dried strictly, stored at 100-150 ℃, and used when taking.
b. The preheating temperature shall be increased, the post heating measures shall be taken, and the interpass temperature shall not be less than the preheating temperature. Inkcazo yendalo efanelekileyo iya kukhethwa ukuba iphephe izakhi zeBrittle kunye ne-hards kwi-SIDT.
c. Khetha ulandelelwano lwe-welding olufanelekileyo lokunciphisa ukungcungcutheka kwelding kunye noxinzelelo lwe-welding.
d. Conduct hydrogen elimination heat treatment in time after welding